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1 Samuel chapters 15 through 31. Study Guide.
15:1-34 – The LORD rejects Saul as king.
15:1-3 – The command given Saul regarding the Amalekites. See Deut. 25:17-19 for the event that prompted this order. The condition of the Amalekites was irremediable. What is ordered is the herem (the “ban”), “the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the LORD, often by totally destroying them”(NIV text note).
15:4-9 – Saul fails to carry out God’s orders.
15:10-21 – The reaction of the LORD, and the reaction of Samuel as he is asked to deliver God’s sentence. Saul places the failure of complete obedience on the people and seeks to put a positive spin on it.
15:22,23 – What the LORD desires. The result of disobedience. Compare Hosea 6:6, Amos 5:21-24, and Micah 6:6-8.
15:24-31 – Saul’s “confession” and shift of blame.
15:32-35 – The death of Agag. Samuel grieves over Saul. The LORD’s reaction.
16:1-13 – Samuel’s visit to Jesse the Bethlehemite. David is selected over his brothers. Note v. 7 and the description of David, v. 12. David is anointed and receives the Spirit.
16:14-23 – The spirit of the LORD departs Saul, being replaced by an evil spirit. David enters Saul’s service as armor-bearer and musician.
17:1-58 – David defeats Goliath.
17:1-11 – Goliath, champion of the Philistines, challenges the soldiers of Israel.
17:12-30 – David is sent to the battlefield on an errand.
17:31-37 – David is commissioned to face Goliath. Where does David place his confidence?
17:38-58 – David defeats Goliath. The Philistines routed. David receives special recognition.
18:1-5 – A special friendship between David and Jonathan, Saul’s son. David rises in the army.
18:6-16 – Saul resents David’s rising fame; twice throws a spear at him. Note the secret of David’s success (v. 14).
18:17-30 – David loses Merab but marries Michal. A devious marriage present expected, but the scheme fails. Saul’s growing enmity toward David.
19:1-7 – Jonathan intercedes with his father for David.
19:8-17 – Saul tries to kill David. Saul’s daughter Michal helps David escape.
19:18-24 – David goes to Samuel. Saul seeks him but finds himself among the prophets.
20:1-17 – David reveals to Jonathan the seriousness of David’s problem with King Saul. David and Jonathan reaffirm their covenant. Re v 14,15, see 2 Samuel chapter 9.
20:18-42 – An arrangement between David and Jonathan to protect David’s life. David and Jonathan part in grief.
21:1-9 – The priest Ahimelech makes the bread of the Presence available to David and his men amd gives David the sword of Goliath. Note Matthew 12:1-7, where Jesus spoke of this incident, affirming human need over ceremonial law, or higher law over lesser. Note 21:7, a precursor of disaster to Abimelech’s house (see 22:9-22).
21:10-15 – David in danger among the Philistines.
22:1-5 – David seeks refuge in the Cave of Adullam; finds safely for his father and mother in Moab.
22:1-23 – The slaughter of the priests of Nob. The priest Abiathar joins David (20-23).
23:1-15 – David saves the people of Keilah from the Philistines but has to seek sanctuary in the Wilderness of Ziph (territory of the tribe of Judah).
23:16-29 – Ziphites betray David but Saul is distracted from attacking him. David and his people go to the strongholds of En-gedi, on the west shore of the Dead Sea.
24:1-22 – David spares Saul’s life and affirms his innocense of sinning against Saul. He will leave any judgment and vengeance to God.
24:16 – 22 – Saul’s apparent repentance. But David, knowing Saul , returns to his stronghold for safely (22).
25:1-44 – Abigail restrains David from bloodguilt regarding her husband Nabal. Note the character of Nabal (3,17b,25).
25:39-42 – After Nabal’s death, David marries Abigail (one of the eight wives of David who can be identified).
26:1-25– David again spares Saul’s life. This is likely the last time Saul and David were in contact.
27:1-12 – David goes to Achish of Gath, is given Ziklag in which to live, and deceives Achish as to the people against which he is conducting raids.
28:1,2 – David agrees to go to war with the Philistine army.
28:3-25 – Saul consults the medium of Endor. A practice forbidden by the Law of God (see Lev. 19:31; 20:6,27; Deut. 18:10,11). “Medium” – a person who proposes to consult or call up the spirits of the dead.
29:1-11 – The commanders of the Philistines insist that David and his men be sent back and not come with them to battle Israel. A close call for David! How badly he had deceived Achish (v 6,9).
30:1-31 – Disaster at Ziklag while David was away. David defeats the Amalekites and recovers the goods, the animals, and the people. He demands that the spoil be shared with those who stayed behind with the baggage (21-25). He also shares part of the spoil with the elders of Judah and the places who had supported him in his flight from Saul.
31:1-13 – Israel is defeated by the Philistines. Saul and his sons Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchishua die on Mount Gilboa. The Philistines display their bodies on the wall of Beth-shan, but the people of Jabesh-gilead recover them, burn them, and then bury their bones. They remember the rescue of Jabesh-gilead by Saul in the early days of his reign (11:1-11_.
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